11-12: The Progression of Automation and Process Control for the Management ofEnhancement opportunities for cooling water systems can be placed into three major categories. The first is optimizing the dosing of specialty and adjunct commodity chemicals used for corrosion, scale deposit, and microbiological control. Making sure the right dosage of the right chemistry at the right time avoids overfeeding for worst case situations. Once optimized, minimizing the variation greatly reduces the potential for failures that result in

It was not until after the start of the twentieth century

the air moisture content entering a cooling tower may be measured either with a relative humidity sensor

with attainable standards

American industry is paying about twice as much for energy as it did in 1971

The system totally utilizes all process water entering the plant and there is no waste stream discharge at the plant boundary limits

provide additional information not supplied by the Isokinetic test procedure

conformability

The release of energy in the form of heat to the environment is becoming of tremendous concern in this country

The State and Federal regulatory bodies are expected to sanction control stand­ards that will negate the use of chromates and zinc without acceptable disposal methods

The activated water reduces rusting and scaling in steel structures

Chromate-based inhibitors have been widely used in cooling systems for corrosion control for many years

providing the knowledge to manipulate film chemistry for performance