92-12: Alkaline Phosphate - A New Direction for Phosphate Cooling WaterStringent environmental restrictions on chromate, and now on zinc, are forcing many plants to investigate alternative cooling water treatment technologies. A newly developed alkaline phosphate program operates in the same pH region as current alkaline zinc technologies. The alkaline phosphate program has broad calcium (80 1200 ppm as CaaCO3) and "M" alkalinity (100 350 ppm as CaCO3) application ranges. The new program provides excellent mild steel and

This paper will illustrate the problems experienced in a 40+-year-old piping system and the methods used to transform failing expansion joints

and rupture of wood fibres from sodium salt deposition had been long recognized and observed

common film fill mediums in cooling towers and the change of those levels over the useful life of the fill

While power plants have historically taken a reactive approach to management of their pipelines

Reynolds number sensitivity

The paper includes a discussion on development of the molybdate-diol organic program and includes case history examples of application of these programs

grades and species and design criteria for cooling tower components constructed of plywood

performance and life expectancy will be covered

including compliance field-testing

applied over several scans on a tower over time

Marley cooling tower in 1998

Chromate-based inhibitors have been widely used in cooling systems for corrosion control for many years